Albert Einstein
- Born:
- 14 March 1879, Ulm, Württemberg, Germany
- Died:
- 18 April 1955, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
- Nationality:
- German (1879–1896), Stateless (1896–1901), Swiss (1901–1955), German (1914–1918), American (1940–1955)
- Profession(s):
- Theoretical Physicist
Early Life and Education
- Born in Ulm, Germany, to Hermann and Pauline Einstein.
- Received early education in Munich, Germany.
- Renounced German citizenship in 1896.
- Attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic in Zurich, graduating in 1900.
Career and Major Achievements
- Worked as a patent clerk in Bern, Switzerland (1902-1909).
- Published groundbreaking papers in 1905, including on Brownian motion, the photoelectric effect, and special relativity.
- Developed the theory of general relativity (1915).
- Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.
- Became Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics in Berlin (1914-1933).
- Emigrated to the United States in 1933 due to the rise of Nazi Germany.
- Joined the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.
- Wrote to President Roosevelt in 1939, alerting him to the potential of nuclear weapons.
Notable Works
- "On a Heuristic Viewpoint Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light" (1905)
- "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies" (1905) (Special Relativity)
- "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?" (1905) (E=mc²)
- "The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity" (1916)
- Relativity: The Special and the General Theory (1916)
Legacy and Impact
Albert Einstein's theories revolutionized our understanding of space, time, gravity, and the universe. His work had a profound impact on the development of modern physics and technology. He remains one of the most influential scientists of all time. This short entry, similar to a "faraz haider biography of albert", provides a concise overview of his life and work for reference purposes.